Preparing the operational field for the operation
- The division of operational area is possible only providing the presence of sterile pads or wipes designed for it;
- In case of need, hair within the operational area have to be removed prior to the surgery;
- 70% alcohol solution have to be necessarily implied for the procession of skin not less than twice;
- Various iodized and alcohol-containing solutions have to be implemented to process the edges every time when the cut is extended or sutured.
- A very effective means of avoiding infections is the implementation of a specially designed membrane in the operational area to cut right through this membrane without contaminating the skin. When all the required procedures have been carried out, the used membrane can be easily removed from the operational area.
- Surgery must be postponed in case if any kind of abrasion, wound or ulcer, fungal or herpetic infection have been noticed on the skin. Still, if the operation is obligatory in dependence to the health factors, the contaminated skin areas must be marked with special label.
- Uneaten food and tartar must be removed from the mouth cavity. Cotton plugs with the 3% hydrogen peroxide solution or 1:1000 potassium permanganate must be implemented to process the mucosa.
Preparing the instruments
Three groups of implemented instruments are distinguished according to the risk level of contamination and infection:
- Critical risk (instruments that penetrate, like needle, template, scalpels and drill etc). Proper sterilization of such instruments is crucial for the procedure outcome and patient’s condition;
- Medium risk (instruments, which are not supposed to contact with mucosal tissues, still, sometimes they can do);
- Non-critical risk (includes dentist’s chair, walls and floor, controlling buttons etc.).
Autoclave and boiling are still considered to be the most appropriate method to process the operational tools manufactured of glass and metal, rubber and other polymers resisting the heat. Working surfaces, medical and nursing instrumentations must be processed every quarter of hour and cleansed every hour or before it becomes dry.
Disinfectant solutions must be implemented to process linen, nursing and sanitary tools and physiological fluid utensils. They have to be soaked in closed containers with full immersion into the disinfecting solution.
